Trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu toàn cầu (Global Climate change), nhiều bệnh truyền nhiễm đang nổi và tái nổi có xu hướng tăng lên đáng kể và đe dọa tử vong cũng như gia tăng gánh nặng bệnh tật toàn cầu. Trong đó một số bệnh ký sinh trùng và đơn bào có liên quan có ý nghĩa với một số bệnh ung thư như sán lá gan nhỏ Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis liên quan đến ung thư biểu mô đường mật (cholangiocarcinoma), hay sán máng Schitosoma haematobium liên quan ung thư bàng quan tiết niệu, hay Cryptosporidium parvum có liên quan đến ung thư đại trực tràng (colorectal cancer).
Bên cạnh đó, việc xác định loài các giun sán về mặt hình thái học và sinh học phân tử phần nào làm rõ về phả hệ di truyền của các loài ký sinh trùng gây bệnh ở người. Các nghiên cứu sau đây làm rõ các vấn đề mà gần đây các nhà khoa học đang quan tâm làm rõ.
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