Phần 1: Nghiên cứu bệnh lý đơn bào ở người chưa được quan tâm đúng mực về phương diện bệnh tiêu hóa

Đơn bào (protozoa) là các vi sinh vật đơn bào kích thước nhỏ có thể sống tự do hoặc sống ký sinh một cách tự nhiên. Chúng có thể nhân lên trong cơ thể người, điều này giúp chúng sống sót và cho phép chúng gây nhiễm trùng nghiêm trọng. Sự lan truyền bệnh do đơn bào từ đường tiêu hóa của người này đến người khác thông qua con đường điển hình là phân miệng (fecal‐oral route), chẳng hạn lây qua nguồn thực phẩm hoặc nước uống nhiễm bệnh, hoặc tiếp xúc giữa người với người.

Đơn bào có thể sống trong máu hoặc mô của người và có thể lây truyền sang người khác thông qua các trung gian động vật chân khớp (arthropod vector) như muỗi hoặc muỗi cát.Trong một vài hệ thống phân loại sinh học, đơn bào là một nhóm đa dạng với hầu hết các vi sinh vật đơn nhân di động, nhưng thuật ngữ này từ lầu đã không còn dùng trong phân loại học hiện đại nữa. Về mặt lịch sử, đơn bào được định nghĩa như các động vật nguyên sinh đơn bào có các hoạt động giống như động vật. Đơn bào liên quan đến nhóm gồm các động vật nguyên sinh đến thực vật nguyên sinh có các hoạt động giống như thực vật (protophyta), chẳng hạn quá trình quang hợp. Thuật ngữ protozoan gần đây được xem như vấn đề quan tâm do các thông tin về các kỹ thuật phân tích cấu trúc, sinh hóa, di truyền hiện đại cho thấy nhóm không hình thành đơn vị huyết thống đơn tố mà đòi hỏi có sự phân loại hiện đại. Các hệ thống đơn vị huyết đơn tố về đơn bào hiện đại trong các động vật có nhân thực có thể tổng hợp lại và đang dần thay thế lớp đơn bào, bao gồmExcavata, Amoebae, Chromalveolata và Rhizaria.

Về mặt thuật ngữ, theo gốc từ Hy Lạp, protozoon (protos có nghĩa là đầu tiên và zoon có nghĩa là động vật). Tuy nhiên, trong quá trình sử dụng, một phần gốc từ đã bị thay thế từ protozoon sang từ protozoan. Trong cùng phương cách dạng số nhiều protozoans đôi khi sử dụng thay cho protozoa. Nhìn chung, đơn bào được xem như các động vật nguyên sinh vì chúng có tính chuyển động. Tuy nhiên, cả protozoa và protists đều là nhóm paraphyletic (không gồm tất cả các nhóm quan hệ về mặt di truyền). Chẳng hạn, Entamoeba có quan hệ chặt chẽ với người hơn Euglena. Thuật ngữ đơn bào vẫn còn sử dụng thống nhất, nhất là đề cập trong giảng dạy tại các trường và ngày nay, đơn bào thường là các sinh vật có nhân thực và dị dưỡng, không chứa các cấu trúc dạng sợi.

Entamoeba histolytica infection and secreted proteins proteolytically damage enteric neurons.

Lourenssen S, Houpt ER, Chadee K, Blennerhassett MG.

Infect Immun. 2010 Dec;78(12):5332‐40. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00699‐10. Epub 2010 Sep 20.

PMID: 20855514 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Epithelial cell apoptosis facilitates Entamoeba histolytica infection in the gut.

Becker SM, Cho KN, Guo X, Fendig K, Oosman MN, Whitehead R, Cohn SM, Houpt ER.

Am J Pathol. 2010 Mar;176(3):1316‐22. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090740. Epub 2010 Jan 21.

PMID: 20093500 Free PMC Article Similar articles

[Experimental intestinal amebiasis: invasion and extension of the amebic lesion].

Tsutsumi V, Anaya‐Velázquez F, Martínez‐Palomo A.

Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1990;21 Suppl 1:47‐52. Spanish.

PMID: 2136502 Similar articles

Hình 1

Entamoeba histolytica Cysteine Proteinase 5 Evokes Mucin Exocytosis from Colonic Goblet Cells via αvβ3 Integrin.

Cornick S, Moreau F, Chadee K.

PLoS Pathog. 2016 Apr 13;12(4):e1005579. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005579. eCollection 2016 Apr.

PMID: 27073869 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica phagocytosis of human erythrocytes involves PATMK, a member of the transmembrane kinase family.

Boettner DR, Huston CD, Linford AS, Buss SN, Houpt E, Sherman NE, Petri WA Jr.

PLoS Pathog. 2008 Jan;4(1):e8. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0040008.

PMID: 18208324 Free PMC Article Similar articles

In vivo and in vitro experimental intestinal amebiasis in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

Shibayama M, Navarro‐García F, López‐Revilla R, Martínez‐Palomo A, Tsutsumi V.

Parasitol Res. 1997;83(2):170‐6.

PMID: 9039700 Similar articles

Hình 2

Entamoeba histolytica induces intestinal cathelicidins but is resistant to cathelicidin-mediated killing.

Cobo ER, He C, Hirata K, Hwang G, Tran U, Eckmann L, Gallo RL, Reed SL.

Infect Immun. 2012 Jan;80(1):143‐9. doi: 10.1128/IAI.05029‐11. Epub 2011 Nov 14.

PMID: 22083705 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica-Encoded Homolog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Contributes to Mucosal Inflammation during Amebic Colitis.

Ngobeni R, Abhyankar MM, Jiang NM, Farr LA, Samie A, Haque R, Moonah SN.

J Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 15;215(8):1294‐1302. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix076.

PMID: 28186296 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Control of Entamoeba histolytica adherence involves metallosurface protease 1, an M8 family surface metalloprotease with homology to leishmanolysin.

Teixeira JE, Sateriale A, Bessoff KE, Huston CD.

Infect Immun. 2012 Jun;80(6):2165‐76. doi: 10.1128/IAI.06389‐11. Epub 2012 Mar 26.

PMID: 22451519 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Hình 3

[Interaction between Entamoeba histolytica and the cecal epithelium in the guinea pig].

Mora Galindo J, Martinez‐Palomo A, Chavez B.

Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1978;9 Suppl 1:261‐74. Spanish.

PMID: 211960 Similar articles 11.

Role of adherence in cytopathogenic mechanisms of Entamoeba histolytica. Study with mammalian tissue culture cells and human erythrocytes.

Ravdin JI, Guerrant RL.

J Clin Invest. 1981 Nov;68(5):1305‐13.

PMID: 6271810 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Movement of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in rat cecum and colon intact mucus blankets and harvested mucus gels.

Leitch GJ, Harris‐Hooker SA, Udezulu IA.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Sep;39(3):282‐7.

PMID: 2902807 Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinase 5 binds integrin o­n colonic cells and stimulates NFkappaB-mediated pro-inflammatory responses.

Hou Y, Mortimer L, Chadee K.

J Biol Chem. 2010 Nov 12;285(46):35497‐504. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.066035. Epub 2010 Sep 13.

PMID: 20837477 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Bone marrow dendritic cells from mice with an altered microbiota provide interleukin 17A-dependent protection against Entamoeba histolytica colitis.

Burgess SL, Buonomo E, Carey M, Cowardin C, Naylor C, Noor Z, Wills‐Karp M, Petri WA Jr.

MBio. 2014 Nov 4;5(6):e01817. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01817‐14.

PMID: 25370489 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica: Overexpression of the gal/galnac lectin, ehcp2 and ehcp5 genes in an in vivo model of amebiasis.

Sánchez V, Serrano‐Luna J, Ramírez‐Moreno E, Tsutsumi V, Shibayama M.

Parasitol Int. 2016 Dec;65(6 Pt A):665‐667. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.08.009. Epub 2016 Sep 5.

PMID: 27616150 Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica: acute granulomatous intestinal lesions in normal and neutrophil-depleted mice.

Rivero‐Nava L, Aguirre‐García J, Shibayama‐Salas M, Hernández‐Pando R, Tsutsumi V, Calderón J.

Exp Parasitol. 2002 Aug;101(4):183‐92.

PMID: 12594958 Similar articles

Polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration intensity as consequence of Entamoeba histolytica density in amebic colitis.

Dickson‐Gonzalez SM, de Uribe ML, Rodriguez‐Morales AJ.

Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2009 Apr;10(2):91‐7. doi: 10.1089/sur.2008.011.

PMID: 18831680 Similar articles

Role of mucosal secretory immunity in the development of an amebiasis vaccine.

Ravdin JI, Kelsall BL.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;50(5 Suppl):36‐41. Review.

PMID: 8203722 Similar articles

Hình 4

Proteomic comparison of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar and the role of E. histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 3 in virulence.

Davis PH, Chen M, Zhang X, Clark CG, Townsend RR, Stanley SL Jr.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(4):e415. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000415. Epub 2009 Apr 14.

PMID: 19365541 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Ultrastructure of experimental intestinal invasive amebiasis.

Martínez‐Palomo A, Tsutsumi V, Anaya‐Velazquez F, Gonzalez‐Robles A.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Sep;41(3):273‐9.

PMID: 2552849 Similar articles

Modulation of endogenous Cysteine Protease Inhibitor (ICP) 1 expression in Entamoeba histolytica affects amoebic adhesion to Extracellular Matrix proteins.

Lee YA, Saito‐Nakano Y, Kim KA, Min A, Nozaki T, Shin MH.

Exp Parasitol. 2015 Feb;149:7‐15. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 8.

PMID: 25500214 Similar articles

Hình 5

Entamoeba histolytica: early progressive pathology in the cecum of the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).

Chadee K, Meerovitch E.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1985 Mar;34(2):283‐91.

PMID: 2858986 Similar articles

Immune Evasion Mechanisms of Entamoeba histolytica: Progression to Disease.

Begum S, Quach J, Chadee K.

Front Microbiol. 2015 Dec 15;6:1394. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01394. eCollection 2015. Review.

PMID: 26696997 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica-induced dephosphorylation in host cells.

Teixeira JE, Mann BJ.

Infect Immun. 2002 Apr;70(4):1816‐23.

PMID: 11895943 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Human intestinal epithelial cells produce proinflammatory cytokines in response to infection in a SCID mouse-human intestinal xenograft model of amebiasis.

Seydel KB, Li E, Swanson PE, Stanley SL Jr.

Infect Immun. 1997 May;65(5):1631‐9.

PMID: 9125540 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Hình 6

Prostaglandin E2 produced by Entamoeba histolytica binds to EP4 receptors and stimulates interleukin-8 production in human colonic cells.

Dey I, Chadee K.

Infect Immun. 2008 Nov;76(11):5158‐63. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00645‐08. Epub 2008 Aug 18.

PMID: 18710858 Free PMC Article Similar articles

The mouse model of amebic colitis reveals mouse strain susceptibility to infection and exacerbation of disease by CD4+ T cells.

Houpt ER, Glembocki DJ, Obrig TG, Moskaluk CA, Lockhart LA, Wright RL, Seaner RM, Keepers TR, Wilkins TD, Petri WA Jr.

J Immunol. 2002 Oct 15;169(8):4496‐503.

PMID: 12370386 Free Article Similar articles

Mass spectrometric analysis of L-cysteine metabolism: physiological role and fate of L-cysteine in the enteric protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

Jeelani G, Sato D, Soga T, Watanabe H, Nozaki T.

MBio. 2014 Nov 4;5(6):e01995. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01995‐14.

PMID: 25370494 Free PMC Article Similar articles

[The morphology of amebiasis].

Konstantinov GS, Blokhin AV.

Arkh Patol. 1988;50(4):44‐50. Russian.

PMID: 2900628 Similar articles

Hình 7

Microbiome-mediated neutrophil recruitment via CXCR2 and protection from amebic colitis.

Watanabe K, Gilchrist CA, Uddin MJ, Burgess SL, Abhyankar MM, Moonah SN, Noor Z, Donowitz JR, Schneider BN, Arju T, Ahmed E, Kabir M, Alam M, Haque R, Pramoonjago P, Mehrad B, Petri WA Jr.

PLoS Pathog. 2017 Aug 17;13(8):e1006513. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006513. eCollection 2017 Aug.

PMID: 28817707 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Production of cecal lesions in newborn guinea pigs with axenically cultivated Entamoeba histolytica.

Diamond LS, Tanimoto Weki M, Martínez‐Palomo A.

Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1978;9 Suppl 1:223‐8.

PMID: 211954 Similar articles

Inhibition of Amebic Lysosomal Acidification Blocks Amebic Trogocytosis and Cell Killing.

Gilmartin AA, Ralston KS, Petri WA Jr.

MBio. 2017 Aug 29;8(4). pii: e01187‐17. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01187‐17.

PMID: 28851845 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Model of intestinal amebiasis: structural and functional lesions to the rabbit colon mucosa by Entamoeba histolytica lysates.

Navarro‐García F, López‐Revilla R, Tsutsumi V, Reyes JL.

Arch Med Res. 1992;23(2):197‐201.

PMID: 1340294 Similar articles

Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica.

Ralston KS, Petri WA Jr.

Trends Parasitol. 2011 Jun;27(6):254‐63. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2011.02.006. Epub 2011 Mar 26. Review.

PMID: 21440507 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Hình 8

Entamoeba histolytica: role of amebic proteinases and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in acute experimental amebiasis in the rat.

Becker I, Pérez‐Tamayo R, Montfort I, Alvizouri AM, Pérez‐Montfort R.

Exp Parasitol. 1988 Dec;67(2):268‐80.

PMID: 2903831 Similar articles

The NF-kappaB p50 subunit is protective during intestinal Entamoeba histolytica infection of 129 and C57BL/6 mice.

Cho KN, Becker SM, Houpt ER.

Infect Immun. 2010 Apr;78(4):1475‐81. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00669‐09. Epub 2010 Jan 19.

PMID: 20086086 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Early expression in mice of genetic resistance to intestinal amebiasis.

Anaya‐Velázquez F, Underdown BJ.

Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1990;21 Suppl 1:53‐6.

PMID: 213650 Similar articles

Calpains are involved in Entamoeba histolytica-induced death of HT-29 colonic epithelial cells.

Jang YS, Song KJ, Kim JY, Lee YA, Kim KA, Lee SK, Shin MH.

Korean J Parasitol. 2011 Jun;49(2):177‐80. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.177. Epub 2011 Jun 14.

PMID: 21738275 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Gastric amebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica in a Dama wallaby (Macropus eugenii).

Stedman NL, Munday JS, Esbeck R, Visvesvara GS.

Vet Pathol. 2003 May;40(3):340‐2.

PMID: 12724579 Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica exacerbates epithelial tight junction permeability and proinflammatory responses in Muc2(-/-) mice.

Kissoon‐Singh V, Moreau F, Trusevych E, Chadee K.

Am J Pathol. 2013 Mar;182(3):852‐65. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.11.035. Epub 2013 Jan 26.

PMID: 23357502 Similar articles

Hình 9

Discrete responses of myenteric neurons to structural and functional damage by neurotoxins in vitro.

Lourenssen S, Miller KG, Blennerhassett MG.

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Jul;297(1):G228‐39. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.90705.2008. Epub 2009 Apr 30.

PMID: 19407212 Free Article Similar articles

Use of recombinant Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinase 1 to identify a potent inhibitor of amebic invasion in a human colonic model.

Meléndez‐López SG, Herdman S, Hirata K, Choi MH, Choe Y, Craik C, Caffrey CR, Hansell E, Chávez‐Munguía B, Chen YT, Roush WR, McKerrow J, Eckmann L, Guo J, Stanley SL Jr, Reed SL.

Eukaryot Cell. 2007 Jul;6(7):1130‐6. Epub 2007 May 18.

PMID: 17513563 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Hình 10

Efficacy of a Gal-lectin subunit vaccine against experimental Entamoeba histolytica infection and colitis in baboons (Papio sp.).

Abd Alla MD, Wolf R, White GL, Kosanke SD, Cary D, Verweij JJ, Zhang MJ, Ravdin JI.

Vaccine. 2012 Apr 26;30(20):3068‐75. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.066. Epub 2012 Mar 8.

PMID: 22406457 Similar articles

Genomic and proteomic approaches highlight phagocytosis of living and apoptotic human cells by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

Marion S, Guillén N.

Int J Parasitol. 2006 Feb;36(2):131‐9. Epub 2005 Nov 28. Review.

PMID: 16386742 Similar articles Select item 2263314745.

CCR9+ T cells contribute to the resolution of the inflammatory response in a mouse model of intestinal amoebiasis.

Rojas‐López AE, Soldevila G, Meza‐Pérez S, Dupont G, Ostoa‐Saloma P, Wurbel MA, Ventura‐Juárez J, Flores‐Romo L, García‐Zepeda EA.

Immunobiology. 2012 Aug;217(8):795‐807. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 May 4.

PMID: 22633147 Similar articles Select item 431968446.

[Intracecal infection of the mouse with entamoeba histolytica].

Westphal A.

Z Tropenmed Parasitol. 1970 Sep;21(3):220‐30. German. No abstract available.

PMID: 4319684 Similar articles Select item 1266007147.

Amoebiasis.

Stanley SL Jr.

Lancet. 2003 Mar 22;361(9362):1025‐34. Review.

PMID: 12660071 Similar articles Select item 1808680748.

Hình 11

Participation of the serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein in amebic phagocytosis of apoptotic host cells.

Teixeira JE, Huston CD.

Infect Immun. 2008 Mar;76(3):959‐66. Epub 2007 Dec 17.

PMID: 18086807 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 835453249.

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica antigens in stool in amebiasis.

Vinayak VK, Kumar P, Punj V, Vashist N, Kanwar JR, Bhasin DK, Singh K.

Indian J Gastroenterol. 1993 Jul;12(3):77‐9.

PMID: 8354532 Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal secretion: role of serotonin.

McGowan K, Kane A, Asarkof N, Wicks J, Guerina V, Kellum J, Baron S, Gintzler AR, Donowitz M.

Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):762‐4.

PMID: 6308760 Similar articles Select item 2450413351.

Hình 11

The future for vaccine development against Entamoeba histolytica.

Quach J, St‐Pierre J, Chadee K.

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(6):1514‐21. doi: 10.4161/hv.27796. Epub 2014 Feb 6. Review.

PMID: 24504133 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Expression of amoebapores is required for full expression of Entamoeba histolytica virulence in amebic liver abscess but is not necessary for the induction of inflammation or tissue damage in amebic colitis.

Zhang X, Zhang Z, Alexander D, Bracha R, Mirelman D, Stanley SL Jr.

Infect Immun. 2004 Feb;72(2):678‐83.

PMID: 14742508 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Hình 12

Intestinal lumen and mucosal microclimate H+ and NH3 concentrations as factors in the etiology of experimental amebiasis.

Leitch GJ.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 May;38(3):480‐6.

PMID: 2908580 Similar articles Select item 1075600254.

Pathogenesis of intestinal amebiasis: from molecules to disease.

Espinosa‐Cantellano M, Martínez‐Palomo A.

Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000 Apr;13(2):318‐31. Review.

PMID: 10756002 Free PMC ArticleSimilar articles

Entamoeba histolytica: lymphoreticular changes in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) with experimentally induced cecal amebiasis.

Chadee K, Meerovitch E.

J Parasitol. 1985 Oct;71(5):566‐75.

PMID: 2865345 Similar articles

Degradation of human secretory IgA1 and IgA2 by Entamoeba histolytica surface-associated proteolytic activity.

Garcia‐Nieto RM, Rico‐Mata R, Arias‐Negrete S, Avila EE.

Parasitol Int. 2008 Dec;57(4):417‐23. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2008.04.013. Epub 2008 May 15.

PMID: 18571975 Similar articles Select item 289733457.

Phorbol esters specifically enhance the cytolytic activity of Entamoeba histolytica.

Weikel CS, Murphy CF, Orozco E, Ravdin JI.

Infect Immun. 1988 Jun;56(6):1485‐91.

PMID: 2897334 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Entamoeba histolytica modulates TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha/beta and c-fos gene expression in macrophages.

Seguin R, Chadee K.

Arch Med Res. 1992;23(2):147‐9.

PMID: 1340279 Similar articles Select item 2042986159.

Insights into Entamoeba histolytica virulence modulation.

Padilla‐Vaca F, Anaya‐Velázquez F.

Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2010 Aug;10(4):242‐50. Review.

PMID: 20429861 Similar articles

Antisense inhibition of Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteases inhibits colonic mucus degradation.

Moncada D, Keller K, Ankri S, Mirelman D, Chadee K.

Gastroenterology. 2006 Mar;130(3):721‐30.

PMID: 16530514 Similar articles

Bacterium-assisted invasion of Entamoeba histolytica through human enteric epithelia in two-compartment chambers.

Leroy A, De Bruyne G, Verspeelt A, Lauwaet T, Nelis H, Mareel M.

Invasion Metastasis. 1997;17(3):138‐48.

PMID: 9702940 Similar articles

[Phagocytosis of human erythrocytes by Entamoeba histolytica. Quantitative study].

Trissl D, Martinez‐Palomo A, de la Torre M, de la Hoz R, Perez de Suárez E.

Arch Invest Med (Mex). 1978;9 Suppl 1:219‐22. Spanish.

PMID: 211953 Similar articles Select item 2425310363.

Gal-lectin-dependent contact activates the inflammasome by invasive Entamoeba histolytica.

Mortimer L, Moreau F, Cornick S, Chadee K.

Mucosal Immunol. 2014 Jul;7(4):829‐41. doi: 10.1038/mi.2013.100. Epub 2013 Nov 20.

PMID: 24253103 Similar articles Select item 1736296464.

Transcriptional and secretory responses of Entamoeba histolytica to mucins, epithelial cells and bacteria.

Debnath A, Tashker JS, Sajid M, McKerrow JH.

Int J Parasitol. 2007 Jul;37(8‐9):897‐906. Epub 2007 Feb 12.

PMID: 17362964 Similar articles

The interaction between Entamoeba histolytica and Syphacia obvelata infection in mice.

Vinayak VK, Chopra AK.

Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1978 Dec;72(6):549‐51.

PMID: 216325 Similar articles

Proteinase inhibitors TPCK and TLCK prevent Entamoeba histolytica induced disturbance of tight junctions and microvilli in enteric cell layers in vitro.

Lauwaet T, Oliveira MJ, Callewaert B, De Bruyne G, Mareel M, Leroy A.

Int J Parasitol. 2004 Jun;34(7):785‐94.

PMID: 15157761 Similar articles

Expression, purification, and evaluation of recombinant LecA as a candidate for an amebic colitis vaccine.

Barroso L, Abhyankar M, Noor Z, Read K, Pedersen K, White R, Fox C, Petri WA Jr, Lyerly D.

Vaccine. 2014 Feb 26;32(10):1218‐24. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.056. Epub 2013 Jul 1.

PMID: 23827311 Free PMC Article Similar articles

A monoclonal antibody to the amebic lipophosphoglycan-proteophosphoglycan antigens can prevent disease in human intestinal xenografts infected with Entamoeba histolytica.

Zhang Z, Duchêne M, Stanley SL Jr.

Infect Immun. 2002 Oct;70(10):5873‐6.

PMID: 12228321 Free PMC Article Similar articles

Host-parasite relationships in amebiasis: conference report.

Petri WA Jr, Clark CG, Diamond LS.

J Infect Dis. 1994 Mar;169(3):483‐4.

PMID: 7908923 Similar articles Select item 1537677270.

Role of cysteine proteinase of Entamoeba histolytica in target cell death.

Singh D, Naik SR, Naik S.

Parasitology. 2004 Aug;129(Pt 2):127‐35.

PMID: 15376772 Similar articles Select item 1516098371.

Amebiasis and comparison of microscopy to ELISA technique in detection of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar.

Nesbitt RA, Mosha FW, Katki HA, Ashraf M, Assenga C, Lee CM.

J Natl Med Assoc. 2004 May;96(5):671‐7.

PMID: 15160983 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1604096372.

Resistance to intestinal Entamoeba histolytica infection is conferred by innate immunity and Gr-1+ cells.

Asgharpour A, Gilchrist C, Baba D, Hamano S, Houpt E.

Infect Immun. 2005 Aug;73(8):4522‐9.

PMID: 16040963 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 435699173.

Virulence of E. histolytica strains isolated from cases of amoebiasis in New Delhi, India.

De PK, Bhatia VN, Ray BG, Agarwal DS.

Indian J Med Res. 1973 Jan;61(1):45‐50. No abstract available.

PMID: 4356991 Similar articles Select item 2556265574.

Hình 12

Early inflammatory damage to intestinal neurons occurs via inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Venkataramana S, Lourenssen S, Miller KG, Blennerhassett MG.

Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Mar;75:40‐52. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.12.014. Epub 2015 Jan 3.

PMID: 25562655 Similar articles Select item 757163375.

[Histological and histochemical investigations of large and small intestine in guinea pigs infected by entamoeba histolytica].

Kuźna‐Grygiel W.

Wiad Parazytol. 1995;41(2):155‐62. Polish.

PMID: 7571633 Similar articles Select item 1474115276.

Prevention of intestinal amebiasis by vaccination with the Entamoeba histolytica Gal/GalNac lectin.

Houpt E, Barroso L, Lockhart L, Wright R, Cramer C, Lyerly D, Petri WA.

Vaccine. 2004 Jan 26;22(5‐6):611‐7.

PMID: 14741152 Similar articles Select item 1696822577.

Comparative proteomic analysis of two Entamoeba histolytica strains with different virulence phenotypes identifies peroxiredoxin as an important component of amoebic virulence.

Davis PH, Zhang X, Guo J, Townsend RR, Stanley SL Jr.

Mol Microbiol. 2006 Sep;61(6):1523‐32.

PMID: 16968225 Free Article Similar articles Select item 1510459578.

Stereotypic and specific elements of the human colonic response to Entamoeba histolytica and Shigella flexneri.

Zhang Z, Stanley SL Jr.

Cell Microbiol. 2004 Jun;6(6):535‐54.

PMID: 15104595 Similar articles Select item 626800079.

Hình 13

[Experimental amebiasis: effect of PGE1 o­n rats infested with Entamoeba histolytica].

Cicchini T, Bianchini C, Belli M, Antonioni P, Anfuso C, Bacca M.

Ann Sclavo. 1980 Sep‐Oct;22(5):763‐75. Italian.

PMID: 6268000 Similar articles Select item 434412280.

Human amebic dysentery. Electron microscopy of Entamoeba histolytica contacting, ingesting, and digesting inflammatory cells.

Griffin JL.

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1972 Nov;21(6):895‐906. No abstract available.

PMID: 4344122 Similar articles

Amebic dysentery. Animal model: experimental Entamoeba histolytica infection in the germfree guinea pig.

Jervis HR, Takeuchi A.

Am J Pathol. 1979 Jan;94(1):197‐200. No abstract available.

PMID: 216267 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2053480082.

Hình 14

Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and amebic colitis by detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA in blood, urine, and saliva by a real-time PCR assay.

Haque R, Kabir M, Noor Z, Rahman SM, Mondal D, Alam F, Rahman I, Al Mahmood A, Ahmed N, Petri WA Jr.

J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Aug;48(8):2798‐801. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00152‐10. Epub 2010 Jun 9.

PMID: 20534800 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2565521683.

Intestinal smooth muscle phenotype determines enteric neuronal survival via GDNF expression.

Han TY, Lourenssen S, Miller KG, Blennerhassett MG.

Neuroscience. 2015 Apr 2;290:357‐68. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.01.056. Epub 2015 Feb 2.

PMID: 25655216 Similar articles Select item 2304397684.

A Toll/IL-1R/resistance domain-containing thioredoxin regulates phagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica.

Mancilla‐Herrera I, Méndez‐Tenorio A, Wong‐Baeza I, Jiménez‐Uribe AP, Alcántara‐Hernández M, Ocadiz‐Ruiz R, Moreno‐Eutimio MA, Arriaga‐Pizano LA, López‐Macías C, González‐y‐Merchand J, Isibasi A.

Parasit Vectors. 2012 Oct 8;5:224. doi: 10.1186/1756‐3305‐5‐224.

PMID: 23043976 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1254056485.