{"id":103997,"date":"2024-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-28T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/news-events\/update-on-research-on-echinococcosis-in-humans-in-the-world-and-vietnam-part-2\/"},"modified":"2024-01-29T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-28T17:00:00","slug":"update-on-research-on-echinococcosis-in-humans-in-the-world-and-vietnam-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/en\/update-on-research-on-echinococcosis-in-humans-in-the-world-and-vietnam-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Update on research on echinococcosis in humans in the world and Vietnam (Part 2)\n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"d-flex flex-column pd-10 content_page\"> <strong class=\"mb-10\">1. Altintas, N. 2003. Past to present: Echinococcosis in Turkey. Acta Trop. 85:105&#8208;112. 2. Ammann, R. W., and J. Eckert. 1995. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of echinococcosis in humans, p. 411&#8208;463. In R. C. A. Thompson and A. J. Lymbery (ed.), Echinococcus and hydatid disease. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom. <\/strong> <figure class=\"figure\"> <a class=\"figure-img\" title=\"Avatar\" href=\"http:\/\/impe-qn.org.vn\/cong-trinh-nghien-cuu-ve-ky-sinh-trung\/cap-nhat-nghien-cuu-ve-benh-do-san-dai-cho-echinococcosis-o-nguoi-tren-the-gioi\/ct\/50\/11776\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\" src=\"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706514145340_image013200.jpeg\" title=\"1706514145340_image013200\"><\/a> <\/figure> <div class=\"col qicontentdetail\"> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\"><strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.impe-qn.org.vn\/impe-qn\/vn\/portal\/InfoDetail.jsp?area=58&amp;cat=1130&amp;ID=12495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Continued from part 1<br><\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p> <hr id=\"null\">1. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Altintas, N.<\/span> 2003. Past to present: Echinococcosis in Turkey. <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Acta Trop<\/i>. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">85:<\/span>105&#8208;112. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" \/><p><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">2. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ammann, R. W., and J. Eckert.<\/span> 1995. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of echinococcosis in humans, p. 411&#8208;463. <i>In<\/i> R. C. A. Thompson and A. J. Lymbery (ed.), Echinococcus and hydatid disease. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">3. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ammann, R. W., and J. Eckert.<\/span> 1996. Cestodes: <i>Echinococcus.<\/i> Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">25:<\/span>655&#8208;689. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">4. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ammann, R. W., A. Fleiner&#8208;Hoffmann, J. Eckert, and Schweizerische Echinokokkose&#8208;Studiengruppe (SESG).<\/span> 1999. Schweizerische Studie f&uuml;r Chemotherapie der alveol&auml;ren Echinokokkose&#8208;R&uuml;ckblick auf ein 20 j&auml;hriges klinisches Forschungsprojekt. Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">129:<\/span>323&#8208;332. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">5. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ammann, R. W., A. Fleiner&#8208;Hoffmann, F. Grimm, and J. Eckert.<\/span> 1998. Long&#8208;term mebendazole therapy may be parasitocidal in alveolar echinococcosis. J. Hepatol. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">29:<\/span>994&#8208;998. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">6. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ammann, R. W., R. Hirsbrunner, J. Cotting, U. Steiger, P. Jacquier, and J. Eckert.<\/span> 1990. Recurrence rate after discontinuation of long&#8208;term mebendazole therapy in alveolar echinococcosis (preliminary results). Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">43:<\/span>506&#8208;515. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">7. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Andersen, F. L., J.&#8208;J. Chai, and F.&#8208;J. Liu.<\/span> 1993. Compendium o&shy;n cystic echinococcosis with special reference to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The People&rsquo;s Republic of China. Brigham Young University Print Service, Provo, Utah. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">8. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Andersen, F. L., H. Ouhelli, and M. Kachani.<\/span> 1997. Compendium o&shy;n cystic echinococcosis in Africa and in Middle Eastern Countries with Special Reference to Morocco. Brigham Young University Print Services, Provo, Utah. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">9. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Anonymus.<\/span> 1991. Alveolar hydatid disease. Alveolar hydatid disease in Franche&#8208;Comte. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">66:<\/span>86. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">10. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Bartholomot, B., D. Vuitton, S. Harraga, D. Z. Shi, P. Giraudoux, G. Barnish, Y. H. Wang, C. N. L. Macpherson, and P. S. Craig.<\/span> 2002. Combined ultrasound and serologic screening for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in central China. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">66:<\/span>23&#8208;29. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">11. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Basset, D., C. Girou, I. P. Nozais, F. D&rsquo;&#8208;Hermies, C. Hoang, R. Gordon, and A. D&rsquo;Alessandro.<\/span> 1998. Neotropical echinococcosis in Suriname: <i>Echinococcus oligarthrus<\/i> in the orbit and <i>Echinococcus vogeli<\/i> in the abdomen. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">59:<\/span>787&#8208;790. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">12. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Battelli, G., A. Mantovani, and A. Seimenis.<\/span> 2002. Cystic echinococcosis and the Mediterranean Region: a long&#8208;lasting association. Parassitologia <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">44:<\/span>43&#8208;57. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">13. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Beard, T., A. J. Bramble, and M. J. Middleton.<\/span> 2001. Eradication in our lifetime. A log book of the Tasmanian Hydatid Control Programs 1962&#8208;1996. Department of Primary Industry, Water and Environment, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">14. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Ben Amor, N., M. Gargouri, H. A. Gharbi, Y. J. Golvan, K. Ayachi, and H. Kchouk.<\/span> 1986. Trial therapy of inoperable hydatid cysts by puncture. Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">61:<\/span>689&#8208;692. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">15. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Berke, O., and M. von Keyserlingk.<\/span> 2001. Aufw&auml;rtstrend bei der Pr&auml;valenz des kleinen Fuchsbandwurmes (<i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i>) in Niedersachen. Dtsch. Tier&auml;rztl. Wochenschr. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">108:<\/span>193&#8208;232. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">16. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Bretagne, S., J. P. Guillou, M. Morand, and R. Houin.<\/span> 1993. Detection of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> DNA in fox faeces using DNA amplification. Parasitology <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">106:<\/span>193&#8208;199. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">17. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Bresson&#8208;Hadni, S., J.&#8208;J. Laplante, D. Lenys, P. Rohmer, B. Gottstein, P. Jacquier, P. Mercet, J.&#8208;P. Meyer, J.&#8208;P. Miguet, and D.&#8208;A. Vuitton.<\/span> 1994. Seroepidemiologic screening of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> infection in a European area endemic for alveolar echinococcosis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">51:<\/span>837&#8208;846. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">18. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Brunetti, E., and C. Filice.<\/span> 2001. Radiofrequency thermal ablation of echinococcal liver cysts. Lancet <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">358:<\/span>1464. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">19. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Cada, F., K. Martinek, and L. Kolarova.<\/span> 1999. <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> in a domestic cat (<i>Felis catus f. dom. <\/i>). Veterinarstvi <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">49:<\/span>6&#8208;7. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">20. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Campos&#8208;Bueno, A., G. Lopez&#8208;Abente, and A. M. Andres&#8208;Cercadillo.<\/span> 2000. Risk factors for <i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i> infection: a case&#8208;control study. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">62:<\/span>329&#8208;334. <\/span><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: VI\"><p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 8pt\" lang=\"EN-US\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"2\" align=\"baseline\" src=\"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513946694_image007.jpeg\" title=\"1706513946694_image007\" srcset=\"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513946694_image007-300x154.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513946694_image007.jpeg 629w\"><br>Figure 4. Zoonotic transmission of Echinococcus sp. |<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Source: Lancet<\/i> <\/span><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; mso-ansi-language: VI\"><p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">21. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Caremani, M., R. Maestrini, U. Occhini, S. Sassoli, A. Accorsi, A. Giorgio, and C. Filice.<\/span> 1993. Echographic epidemiology of cystic hydatid disease in Italy. Eur. J. Epidemiol. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">9:<\/span>401&#8208;404. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">22. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Carmona, C., R. Perdomo, A. Carb&ograve;, C. Alvarez, J. Monti, R. Grauert, D. Stern, G. Perera, S. Lloyd, R. Bazini, M. A. Gemmell, and L. Yarzabal.<\/span> 1998. Risk factors associated with human cystic echinococcosis in Florida, Uruguay: results of a mass screening study using ultrasound and serology. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">58:<\/span>599&#8208;605. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">23. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Chautan, M., D. Pontier, and M. Artois.<\/span> 2000. Role of rabies in recent demographic changes in red fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes<\/i>) populations in Europe. Mammalia <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">64:<\/span>391&#8208;410. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">24. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Christofi, G., P. Deplazes, N. Christofi, I. Tanner, P. Economides, and J. Eckert.<\/span> 2002. Screening of dogs for <i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i> coproantigen in a low endemic situation in Cyprus. Vet. Parasitol. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">104:<\/span>299&#8208;306. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">25. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Cohen, H., E. Paolillo, R. Bonifacino, B. Botta, L. Parada, P. Cabrera, K. Snowden, R. Gasser, R. Tessier, L. Dibarboure, H. Wen, J. C. Allan, H. S. De Alfaro, M. T. Rogan, and P. S. Craig.<\/span> 1998. Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">59:<\/span>620&#8208;627. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">26. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Conn, D. B.<\/span> 1994. Cestode infections of mammary glands and female reproductive organs: potential for vertical transmission? J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">61:<\/span>162&#8208;168. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">27. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Craig, P., and Z. Pawlowski (ed.).<\/span> 2002. Cestode zoononoses: echinococcosis and cysticercosis, an emergent and global problem. IOS Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">28. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Craig, P. S.<\/span> 1997. Immunodiagnosis of <i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i> and a comparison of tech&#8208;niques for diagnosis of canine echinococcosis, p. 85&#8208;118. <i>In<\/i> F. L. Andersen, H. Ouhelli, and M. Kachani (ed.), Compendium o&shy;n cystic echinococcosis in Africa and Middle Eastern Countries with Special Reference to Morocco. Brigham Young University Print Services, Provo, Utah. <p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">29. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Craig, P. S., R. B. Gasser, L. Parada, P. Cabrera, S. Parietti, C. Borgues, A. Acuttis, J. Agulla, K. Snowden, and E. Paolillo.<\/span> 1995. Diagnosis of canine echinococcosis: comparison of coproantigen and serum antibody tests with arecoline purgation in Uruguay. Vet. 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Acta Trop. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">77:<\/span>167&#8208;177. <\/span><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: VI\"><p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 8pt\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"2\" align=\"baseline\" src=\"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513966644_image009.jpeg\" title=\"1706513966644_image009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513966644_image009-300x76.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/impe-qn.greensoft.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/1706513966644_image009.jpeg 627w\"><br><\/span>Figure 5. Tapeworms and lesions caused by <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Echinococcus<\/i> sp. |Source: Lancet <\/span><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; mso-ansi-language: VI\"><p><\/p><\/span><\/p> <p style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm; BACKGROUND: white\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #212121; FONT-SIZE: 10pt\" lang=\"EN-US\">31. <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">Dai, W. J., A. Hemphill, A. Waldvogel, K. Ingold, P. Deplazes, H. Mossmann, and B. Gottstein.<\/span> 2001. Major carbohydrate antigen of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> induces an im&#8208;munoglobulin G response independent of &alpha;&beta;<sup>+<\/sup> CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cells. Infect. 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Clinical diagnosis and treatment of echinococcosis in humans, p. 411&#8208;463. In R. C. A. Thompson and A. J. Lymbery (ed.), Echinococcus and hydatid disease. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom. Continued from part 1 1. 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